| 1 | <HTML> |
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| 2 | <HEAD> |
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| 3 | <META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"> |
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| 4 | <TITLE>Adding new fonts and encoding support</TITLE> |
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| 5 | <LINK TYPE="text/css" REL="stylesheet" HREF="../fpdf.css"> |
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| 6 | </HEAD> |
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| 7 | <BODY> |
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| 8 | <H2>Adding new fonts and encoding support</H2> |
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| 9 | This tutorial explains how to use TrueType or Type1 fonts so that you are not limited to the standard |
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| 10 | fonts any more. The other interest is that you can choose the font encoding, which allows you to |
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| 11 | use other languages than the Western ones (the standard fonts having too few available characters). |
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| 12 | <BR> |
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| 13 | <BR> |
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| 14 | There are two ways to use a new font: embedding it in the PDF or not. When a font is not |
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| 15 | embedded, it is sought in the system. The advantage is that the PDF file is lighter; on the other |
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| 16 | hand, if it is not available, a substitution font is used. So it is preferable to ensure that the |
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| 17 | needed font is installed on the client systems. If the file is to be viewed by a large audience, |
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| 18 | it is better to embed. |
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| 19 | <BR> |
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| 20 | <BR> |
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| 21 | Adding a new font requires three steps for TrueTypes: |
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| 22 | <UL> |
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| 23 | <LI>Generation of the metric file (.afm) |
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| 24 | <LI>Generation of the font definition file (.php) |
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| 25 | <LI>Declaration of the font in the script |
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| 26 | </UL> |
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| 27 | For Type1, the first one is theoretically not necessary because the AFM file is usually shipped |
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| 28 | with the font. In case you have only a metric file in PFM format, use the convertor available |
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| 29 | <A HREF="http://www.fpdf.org/fr/dl.php?id=34">here</A>. |
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| 30 | <H4 CLASS='st'>Generation of the metric file</H4> |
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| 31 | The first step for a TrueType consists in generating the AFM file. A utility exists to do this |
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| 32 | task: <A HREF="http://ttf2pt1.sourceforge.net" TARGET="_blank">ttf2pt1</A>. The Windows binary |
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| 33 | is available <A HREF="http://www.fpdf.org/fr/dl.php?id=22">here</A>. The command line to use is |
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| 34 | the following: |
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| 35 | <BR> |
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| 36 | <BR> |
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| 37 | <TT>ttf2pt1 -a font.ttf font</TT> |
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| 38 | <BR> |
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| 39 | <BR> |
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| 40 | For example, for Comic Sans MS Regular: |
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| 41 | <BR> |
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| 42 | <BR> |
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| 43 | <TT>ttf2pt1 -a c:\windows\fonts\comic.ttf comic</TT> |
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| 44 | <BR> |
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| 45 | <BR> |
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| 46 | Two files are created; the one we are interested in is comic.afm. |
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| 47 | <H4 CLASS='st'>Generation of the font definition file</H4> |
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| 48 | The second step consists in generating a PHP file containing all the information needed by FPDF; |
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| 49 | in addition, the font file is compressed. To do this, a helper script is provided in the font/makefont/ |
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| 50 | directory of the package: makefont.php. It contains the following function: |
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| 51 | <BR> |
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| 52 | <BR> |
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| 53 | <TT>MakeFont(<B>string</B> fontfile, <B>string</B> afmfile [, <B>string</B> enc [, <B>array</B> patch [, <B>string</B> type]]])</TT> |
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| 54 | <BR> |
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| 55 | <BR> |
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| 56 | <TT><U>fontfile</U></TT> |
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| 57 | <BLOCKQUOTE> |
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| 58 | Path to the .ttf or .pfb file. |
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| 59 | </BLOCKQUOTE> |
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| 60 | <TT><U>afmfile</U></TT> |
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| 61 | <BLOCKQUOTE> |
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| 62 | Path to the .afm file. |
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| 63 | </BLOCKQUOTE> |
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| 64 | <TT><U>enc</U></TT> |
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| 65 | <BLOCKQUOTE> |
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| 66 | Name of the encoding to use. Default value: <TT>cp1252</TT>. |
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| 67 | </BLOCKQUOTE> |
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| 68 | <TT><U>patch</U></TT> |
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| 69 | <BLOCKQUOTE> |
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| 70 | Optional modification of the encoding. Empty by default. |
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| 71 | </BLOCKQUOTE> |
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| 72 | <TT><U>type</U></TT> |
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| 73 | <BLOCKQUOTE> |
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| 74 | Type of the font (<TT>TrueType</TT> or <TT>Type1</TT>). Default value: <TT>TrueType</TT>. |
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| 75 | </BLOCKQUOTE> |
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| 76 | <BR> |
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| 77 | The first parameter is the name of the font file. The extension must be either .ttf or .pfb and |
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| 78 | determines the font type. If you own a Type1 font in ASCII format (.pfa), you can convert it to |
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| 79 | binary format with <A HREF="http://www.lcdf.org/~eddietwo/type/#t1utils" TARGET="_blank">t1utils</A>. |
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| 80 | <BR> |
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| 81 | If you don't want to embed the font, pass an empty string. In this case, type is given by the |
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| 82 | <TT>type</TT> parameter. |
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| 83 | <BR> |
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| 84 | Note: in the case of a font with the same name as a standard one, for instance arial.ttf, it is |
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| 85 | mandatory to embed. If you don't, Acrobat will use its own font. |
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| 86 | <BR> |
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| 87 | <BR> |
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| 88 | The AFM file is the one previously generated. |
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| 89 | <BR> |
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| 90 | <BR> |
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| 91 | The encoding defines the association between a code (from 0 to 255) and a character. The first |
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| 92 | 128 are fixed and correspond to ASCII; the following are variable. The encodings are stored in |
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| 93 | .map files. Those available are: |
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| 94 | <UL> |
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| 95 | <LI>cp1250 (Central Europe) |
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| 96 | <LI>cp1251 (Cyrillic) |
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| 97 | <LI>cp1252 (Western Europe) |
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| 98 | <LI>cp1253 (Greek) |
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| 99 | <LI>cp1254 (Turkish) |
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| 100 | <LI>cp1255 (Hebrew) |
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| 101 | <LI>cp1257 (Baltic) |
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| 102 | <LI>cp1258 (Vietnamese) |
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| 103 | <LI>cp874 (Thai) |
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| 104 | <LI>ISO-8859-1 (Western Europe) |
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| 105 | <LI>ISO-8859-2 (Central Europe) |
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| 106 | <LI>ISO-8859-4 (Baltic) |
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| 107 | <LI>ISO-8859-5 (Cyrillic) |
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| 108 | <LI>ISO-8859-7 (Greek) |
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| 109 | <LI>ISO-8859-9 (Turkish) |
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| 110 | <LI>ISO-8859-11 (Thai) |
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| 111 | <LI>ISO-8859-15 (Western Europe) |
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| 112 | <LI>ISO-8859-16 (Central Europe) |
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| 113 | <LI>KOI8-R (Russian) |
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| 114 | <LI>KOI8-U (Ukrainian) |
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| 115 | </UL> |
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| 116 | Of course, the font must contain the characters corresponding to the chosen encoding. |
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| 117 | <BR> |
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| 118 | In the particular case of a symbolic font (that is to say which does not contain letters, such |
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| 119 | as Symbol or ZapfDingbats), pass an empty string. |
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| 120 | <BR> |
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| 121 | The encodings which begin with cp are those used by Windows; Linux systems usually use ISO. |
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| 122 | <BR> |
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| 123 | Remark: the standard fonts use cp1252. |
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| 124 | <BR> |
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| 125 | <BR> |
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| 126 | The fourth parameter gives the possibility to alter the encoding. Sometimes you may want to add |
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| 127 | some characters. For instance, ISO-8859-1 does not contain the euro symbol. To add it at position |
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| 128 | 164, pass <TT>array(164=>'Euro')</TT>. |
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| 129 | <BR> |
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| 130 | <BR> |
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| 131 | The last parameter is used to give the type of the font in case it is not embedded (that is to |
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| 132 | say the first parameter is empty). |
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| 133 | <BR> |
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| 134 | <BR> |
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| 135 | After you have called the function (create a new file for this and include makefont.php, or |
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| 136 | simply add the call directly inside), a .php file is created, with the same name as the .afm one. |
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| 137 | You may rename it if you wish. If the case of embedding, the font file is compressed and gives a |
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| 138 | second file with .z as extension (except if the compression function is not available, it |
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| 139 | requires Zlib). You may rename it too, but in this case you have to alter the variable <TT>$file</TT> |
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| 140 | in the .php file accordingly. |
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| 141 | <BR> |
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| 142 | <BR> |
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| 143 | Example: |
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| 144 | <BR> |
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| 145 | <BR> |
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| 146 | <TT>MakeFont('c:\\windows\\fonts\\comic.ttf','comic.afm','cp1252');</TT> |
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| 147 | <BR> |
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| 148 | <BR> |
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| 149 | which gives the files comic.php and comic.z. |
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| 150 | <BR> |
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| 151 | <BR> |
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| 152 | Then you have to copy the generated file(s) either in the directory of the script which will use |
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| 153 | the font, or in the directory given by FPDF_FONTPATH if the constant is defined. If the font file |
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| 154 | could not be compressed, copy the .ttf or .pfb instead of the .z. |
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| 155 | <H4 CLASS='st'>Declaration of the font in the script</H4> |
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| 156 | The last step is the most simple. You just need to call the <A HREF='../doc/addfont.htm'>AddFont()</A> method. For instance: |
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| 157 | <BR> |
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| 158 | <BR> |
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| 159 | <TABLE WIDTH="100%" STYLE="color:#4040C0; border-style:ridge" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#B0B0E0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#000000" BORDER="2" CELLPADDING=6 CELLSPACING=0 BGCOLOR="#F0F5FF"><TR><TD style="border-width:0px"> |
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| 160 | <NOBR><code><font color="#000000"> |
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| 161 | $pdf<font class="kw">-></font>AddFont<font class="kw">(</font><font class="str">'Comic'</font><font class="kw">,</font><font class="str">''</font><font class="kw">,</font><font class="str">'comic.php'</font><font class="kw">);</font><br> |
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| 162 | </font> |
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| 163 | </code></NOBR></TD></TR></TABLE><P></P> |
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| 164 | or simply: |
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| 165 | <BR> |
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| 166 | <BR> |
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| 167 | <TABLE WIDTH="100%" STYLE="color:#4040C0; border-style:ridge" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#B0B0E0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#000000" BORDER="2" CELLPADDING=6 CELLSPACING=0 BGCOLOR="#F0F5FF"><TR><TD style="border-width:0px"> |
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| 168 | <NOBR><code><font color="#000000"> |
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| 169 | $pdf<font class="kw">-></font>AddFont<font class="kw">(</font><font class="str">'Comic'</font><font class="kw">);</font><br> |
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| 170 | </font> |
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| 171 | </code></NOBR></TD></TR></TABLE><P></P> |
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| 172 | And the font is now available (in regular and underlined styles), usable like the others. If we |
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| 173 | had worked with Comic Sans MS Bold (comicbd.ttf), we would have put: |
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| 174 | <BR> |
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| 175 | <BR> |
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| 176 | <TABLE WIDTH="100%" STYLE="color:#4040C0; border-style:ridge" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#B0B0E0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#000000" BORDER="2" CELLPADDING=6 CELLSPACING=0 BGCOLOR="#F0F5FF"><TR><TD style="border-width:0px"> |
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| 177 | <NOBR><code><font color="#000000"> |
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| 178 | $pdf<font class="kw">-></font>AddFont<font class="kw">(</font><font class="str">'Comic'</font><font class="kw">,</font><font class="str">'B'</font><font class="kw">,</font><font class="str">'comicbd.php'</font><font class="kw">);</font><br> |
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| 179 | </font> |
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| 180 | </code></NOBR></TD></TR></TABLE><P></P> |
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| 181 | <H4 CLASS='st'>Example</H4> |
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| 182 | Let's now see a small complete example. The font used is Calligrapher, available at |
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| 183 | <A HREF="http://www.abstractfonts.com/fonts/" TARGET="_blank">www.abstractfonts.com</A> (a site |
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| 184 | offering numerous free TrueType fonts). The first step is the generation of the AFM file: |
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| 185 | <BR> |
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| 186 | <BR> |
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| 187 | <TT>ttf2pt1 -a calligra.ttf calligra</TT> |
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| 188 | <BR> |
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| 189 | <BR> |
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| 190 | which gives calligra.afm (and calligra.t1a that we can delete). Then we generate the definition |
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| 191 | file: |
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| 192 | <BR> |
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| 193 | <BR> |
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| 194 | <TABLE WIDTH="100%" STYLE="color:#4040C0; border-style:ridge" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#B0B0E0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#000000" BORDER="2" CELLPADDING=6 CELLSPACING=0 BGCOLOR="#F0F5FF"><TR><TD style="border-width:0px"> |
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| 195 | <NOBR><code><font color="#000000"> |
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| 196 | <?php<br><font class="kw">require(</font><font class="str">'../font/makefont/makefont.php'</font><font class="kw">);<br><br></font>MakeFont<font class="kw">(</font><font class="str">'calligra.ttf'</font><font class="kw">,</font><font class="str">'calligra.afm'</font><font class="kw">);<br></font>?> |
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| 197 | </font> |
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| 198 | </code></NOBR></TD></TR></TABLE><P></P> |
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| 199 | The function call gives the following report: |
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| 200 | <BR> |
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| 201 | <BR> |
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| 202 | <B>Warning:</B> character Euro is missing<BR> |
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| 203 | <B>Warning:</B> character Zcaron is missing<BR> |
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| 204 | <B>Warning:</B> character zcaron is missing<BR> |
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| 205 | <B>Warning:</B> character eth is missing<BR> |
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| 206 | Font file compressed (calligra.z)<BR> |
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| 207 | Font definition file generated (calligra.php)<BR> |
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| 208 | <BR> |
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| 209 | The euro character is not present in the font (it is too old). Three other characters are missing |
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| 210 | too, but we are not interested in them anyway. |
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| 211 | <BR> |
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| 212 | We can now copy the two files in the font directory and write the script: |
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| 213 | <BR> |
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| 214 | <BR> |
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| 215 | <TABLE WIDTH="100%" STYLE="color:#4040C0; border-style:ridge" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#B0B0E0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#000000" BORDER="2" CELLPADDING=6 CELLSPACING=0 BGCOLOR="#F0F5FF"><TR><TD style="border-width:0px"> |
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| 216 | <NOBR><code><font color="#000000"> |
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| 217 | <?php<br>define<font class="kw">(</font><font class="str">'FPDF_FONTPATH'</font><font class="kw">,</font><font class="str">'font/'</font><font class="kw">);<br>require(</font><font class="str">'fpdf.php'</font><font class="kw">);<br><br></font>$pdf<font class="kw">=new </font>FPDF<font class="kw">();<br></font>$pdf<font class="kw">-></font>AddFont<font class="kw">(</font><font class="str">'Calligrapher'</font><font class="kw">,</font><font class="str">''</font><font class="kw">,</font><font class="str">'calligra.php'</font><font class="kw">);<br></font>$pdf<font class="kw">-></font>AddPage<font class="kw">();<br></font>$pdf<font class="kw">-></font>SetFont<font class="kw">(</font><font class="str">'Calligrapher'</font><font class="kw">,</font><font class="str">''</font><font class="kw">,</font>35<font class="kw">);<br></font>$pdf<font class="kw">-></font>Cell<font class="kw">(</font>0<font class="kw">,</font>10<font class="kw">,</font><font class="str">'Enjoy new fonts with FPDF!'</font><font class="kw">);<br></font>$pdf<font class="kw">-></font>Output<font class="kw">();<br></font>?> |
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| 218 | </font> |
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| 219 | </code></NOBR></TD></TR></TABLE><P></P> |
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| 220 | <SCRIPT> |
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| 221 | <!-- |
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| 222 | if(document.location.href.indexOf('http:')==0) |
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| 223 | { |
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| 224 | document.write("<P CLASS='demo'><A HREF='tuto7.php' TARGET='_blank' CLASS='demo'>[Demo]</A></P>"); |
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| 225 | } |
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| 226 | //--> |
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| 227 | </SCRIPT> |
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| 228 | <H4 CLASS='st'>About the euro symbol</H4> |
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| 229 | The euro character is not present in all encodings, and is not always placed at the same position: |
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| 230 | <BR> |
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| 231 | <BR> |
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| 232 | <STYLE> |
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| 233 | TH {text-align:left; background:#E0EBFF} |
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| 234 | TH, TD {padding-left:10px; padding-right:10px; border-bottom-width:0px; border-left-width:1px; border-right-width:0px; border-top-width:1px} |
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| 235 | TR.alt0 {background:#FFFFEE} |
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| 236 | TR.alt1 {background:#FFFFDF} |
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| 237 | </STYLE> |
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| 238 | <TABLE STYLE="margin-left:15px; border-style:outset" BORDER="2" CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="2" BGCOLOR2="#FFFFEE"> |
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| 239 | <TR><TH CLASS="st">Encoding</TH><TH CLASS="st">Position</TH></TR> |
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| 240 | <TR CLASS="alt0"><TD>cp1250</TD><TD>128<BR></TD></TR> |
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| 241 | <TR CLASS="alt1"><TD>cp1251</TD><TD>136<BR></TD></TR> |
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| 242 | <TR CLASS="alt0"><TD>cp1252</TD><TD>128<BR></TD></TR> |
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| 243 | <TR CLASS="alt1"><TD>cp1253</TD><TD>128<BR></TD></TR> |
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| 244 | <TR CLASS="alt0"><TD>cp1254</TD><TD>128<BR></TD></TR> |
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| 245 | <TR CLASS="alt1"><TD>cp1255</TD><TD>128<BR></TD></TR> |
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| 246 | <TR CLASS="alt0"><TD>cp1257</TD><TD>128<BR></TD></TR> |
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| 247 | <TR CLASS="alt1"><TD>cp1258</TD><TD>128<BR></TD></TR> |
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| 248 | <TR CLASS="alt0"><TD>cp874</TD><TD>128<BR></TD></TR> |
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| 249 | <TR CLASS="alt1"><TD>ISO-8859-1</TD><TD>absent<BR></TD></TR> |
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| 250 | <TR CLASS="alt0"><TD>ISO-8859-2</TD><TD>absent<BR></TD></TR> |
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| 251 | <TR CLASS="alt1"><TD>ISO-8859-4</TD><TD>absent<BR></TD></TR> |
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| 252 | <TR CLASS="alt0"><TD>ISO-8859-5</TD><TD>absent<BR></TD></TR> |
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| 253 | <TR CLASS="alt1"><TD>ISO-8859-7</TD><TD>absent<BR></TD></TR> |
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| 254 | <TR CLASS="alt0"><TD>ISO-8859-9</TD><TD>absent<BR></TD></TR> |
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| 255 | <TR CLASS="alt1"><TD>ISO-8859-11</TD><TD>absent<BR></TD></TR> |
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| 256 | <TR CLASS="alt0"><TD>ISO-8859-15</TD><TD>164<BR></TD></TR> |
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| 257 | <TR CLASS="alt1"><TD>ISO-8859-16</TD><TD>164<BR></TD></TR> |
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| 258 | <TR CLASS="alt0"><TD>KOI8-R</TD><TD>absent<BR></TD></TR> |
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| 259 | <TR CLASS="alt1"><TD>KOI8-U</TD><TD>absent<BR></TD></TR> |
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| 260 | </TABLE> |
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| 261 | <BR> |
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| 262 | ISO-8859-1 is widespread but does not include the euro sign. If you need it, the simplest thing |
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| 263 | to do is using cp1252 or ISO-8859-15 instead, which are nearly identical but contain the precious |
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| 264 | symbol. |
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| 265 | <BR> |
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| 266 | As for ISO-8859-2, it is possible to use ISO-8859-16 instead, but it contains many differences. |
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| 267 | It is therefore simpler to patch the encoding to add the symbol to it, as explained above. The |
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| 268 | same is true for the other encodings. |
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| 269 | <H4 CLASS='st'>Font synthesis under Windows</H4> |
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| 270 | When a TrueType font is not available in a given style, Windows is able to synthesize it from the |
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| 271 | regular version. For instance, there is no Comic Sans MS Italic, but it can be built from Comic |
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| 272 | Sans MS Regular. This feature can be used in a PDF file, but unfortunately requires that the |
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| 273 | regular font be present in the system (you must not embed it). Here is how to do it: |
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| 274 | <UL> |
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| 275 | <LI>Generate the definition file for the regular font without embedding (you may rename it to |
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| 276 | reflect the desired style) |
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| 277 | <LI>Open it and append to the variable <TT>$name</TT> a comma followed by the desired style |
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| 278 | (<TT>Italic</TT>, <TT>Bold</TT> or <TT>BoldItalic</TT>) |
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| 279 | </UL> |
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| 280 | For instance, for the file comici.php: |
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| 281 | <BR> |
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| 282 | <BR> |
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| 283 | <TT>$name='ComicSansMS,Italic';</TT> |
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| 284 | <BR> |
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| 285 | <BR> |
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| 286 | It can then be used normally: |
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| 287 | <BR> |
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| 288 | <BR> |
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| 289 | <TABLE WIDTH="100%" STYLE="color:#4040C0; border-style:ridge" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#B0B0E0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#000000" BORDER="2" CELLPADDING=6 CELLSPACING=0 BGCOLOR="#F0F5FF"><TR><TD style="border-width:0px"> |
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| 290 | <NOBR><code><font color="#000000"> |
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| 291 | $pdf<font class="kw">-></font>AddFont<font class="kw">(</font><font class="str">'Comic'</font><font class="kw">,</font><font class="str">'I'</font><font class="kw">,</font><font class="str">'comici.php'</font><font class="kw">);</font><br> |
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| 292 | </font> |
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| 293 | </code></NOBR></TD></TR></TABLE><P></P> |
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| 294 | <H4 CLASS='st'>Reducing the size of TrueType fonts</H4> |
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| 295 | Font files are often quite voluminous (more than 100, even 200KB); this is due to the fact that |
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| 296 | they contain the characters corresponding to many encodings. Zlib compression reduces them but |
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| 297 | they remain fairly big. A technique exists to reduce them further. It consists in converting the |
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| 298 | font to the Type1 format with ttf2pt1 by specifying the encoding you are interested in; all other |
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| 299 | characters will be discarded. |
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| 300 | <BR> |
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| 301 | For instance, the arial.ttf font shipped with Windows 98 is 267KB (it contains 1296 characters). |
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| 302 | After compression it gives 147. Let's convert it to Type1 by keeping only cp1250 characters: |
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| 303 | <BR> |
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| 304 | <BR> |
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| 305 | <TT>ttf2pt1 -b -L cp1250.map c:\windows\fonts\arial.ttf arial</TT> |
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| 306 | <BR> |
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| 307 | <BR> |
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| 308 | The .map files are located in the font/makefont/ directory of the package. The command produces |
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| 309 | arial.pfb and arial.afm. The arial.pfb file is only 35KB, and 30KB after compression. |
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| 310 | <BR> |
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| 311 | <BR> |
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| 312 | It is possible to go even further. If you are interested only by a subset of the encoding (you |
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| 313 | probably don't need all 217 characters), you can open the .map file and remove the lines you are |
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| 314 | not interested in. This will reduce the file size accordingly. |
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| 315 | </BODY> |
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| 316 | </HTML> |
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